Outline for Film in Broadcasting
See also Film vs. VideotapeI. Film formats - past and present A. 35 mm film 1. the first standard 2. 100+ year artistic heritage 3. worldwide standard 4. contrast/brightness range advantages (?) 5. production and postproduction advantages over 16mm B. 16 mm film 1. intended as a home movie format 2. evolved into institutional standard 3. was TV news/documentary standard, 4. now Super-16 for HDTV (16X9 ratio) C. 8mm film 1. first successful home movie format 2. used split 16mm film/processing equipment D.Super-8 film 1. 33% larger image 2. mechanical limitations on quality 3. film stock limitations 4. introduced into TV news E. Special formats: 1. horizontal 16/Super-16 2. 65mm 3. 70mm 4. 90mm 5. 120mm
II. 16mm and 35mm sound: A. single and double system recording B. optical recording 1. frequency response 2. dynamic range C. magnetic recording; 1. advantages/disadvantages 2. frequency response 3. dynamic range D. Dolby, THX, digital (DTS), stereo, quad recording/playback approaches III. Advantages/Disadvantages of Film Compared to Video A. relative start-up costs vs. long-term costs B. film-to-video frame rate conversion problems C. network requirements D. processing requirements; time, costs E. film quality problems 1. dirt 2. scratches 3. film stock and processing variations 4. color fading F. permanency/storage G. postproduction cost comparisons H. equipment requirements/limitations/ruggedness I. brightness range, gamma, sharpness differences J. frame-rate changes/problems (US and Foreign) K. video quality problems; projection, HDTV L. the issue of world standards M. relative light sensitivity
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